The quarter final between Argentina and Germany this weekend promises to be the match of the tournament.
Both teams play a short passing, quick attacking game while have strong defensive lines. Both teams have strikers in top form – Higuain, Tevez (Argentina) and Muller (Germany) and both have wonderful attacking playmakers – Messi and Ozil.
While Argentina came into the tournament as 3rd favourites Germany were listed at odds of 18-1 behind the likes of England, France and Italy – all who have now gone home.
Why is German football so good and why is their team playing a style of game that is reminiscent of the great Brazilian teams as opposed to the structured efficient style of traditional German squads?
The fact that most German players play together in the Bundesliga (less demanding than the EPL or La Liga), the investment by German football in talent ID and academy programs, a population of 100 million people, different ethnicities in the team and the willingness to give youth a chance by national team coaches help explain the performance of Germany so far.
Whatever the reason, Michael Ballack has not been missed. Germany looks to be in great shape for at least the next two World Cups.
Argentina will be tough - it should be a cracking match.
Tuesday, 29 June 2010
Sunday, 27 June 2010
The Human Element
FIFA need to quickly address how football is officiated on field.
Plenty of teams have been affected by decisions at this World Cup which have impacted on their chances of progression at the tournament.
Putting aside a large number of dicey calls featuring bookings, offsides and pens. listed are key decisions which were clearly wrong:-
Mexico - Tevez offside goal for Argentina
England – disallowed goal vs Germany
USA – disallowed goals vs Slovenia and Algeria
Switzerland – sending off vs Chile
Serbia – denied late penalty for handball vs Australia
Brazil – Kaka send off vs Ivory Coast
Germany – Klose send off vs Serbia
Football has used the same refereeing approach for the last 100 years despite dramatic changes in the nature of the athlete, tactics, technology and the commercial development of the game. Its seems crazy that FIFA are holding onto the “human element” of refereeing when every other industry in the world has embraced technology to help achieve more correct decisions.
Plenty of teams have been affected by decisions at this World Cup which have impacted on their chances of progression at the tournament.
Putting aside a large number of dicey calls featuring bookings, offsides and pens. listed are key decisions which were clearly wrong:-
Mexico - Tevez offside goal for Argentina
England – disallowed goal vs Germany
USA – disallowed goals vs Slovenia and Algeria
Switzerland – sending off vs Chile
Serbia – denied late penalty for handball vs Australia
Brazil – Kaka send off vs Ivory Coast
Germany – Klose send off vs Serbia
Football has used the same refereeing approach for the last 100 years despite dramatic changes in the nature of the athlete, tactics, technology and the commercial development of the game. Its seems crazy that FIFA are holding onto the “human element” of refereeing when every other industry in the world has embraced technology to help achieve more correct decisions.
What is worse if you are English?
Losing to Germany 4-1 in the 2nd round?
Beating Germany but then losing to Maradona’s Argentina in the quarter finals?
Beating Germany but then losing to Maradona’s Argentina in the quarter finals?
Sven and England
Did Sven Goran Eriksson overachieve with England in 2002 and 2006?
2010 – 2nd round – lost Germany 4-1
2006 – quarters – defeated by Portugal (pens)
2002 – quarters – defeated by eventual champions Brazil 2-1
1998 – 2nd round – defeated by Argentina (pens)
1994 – did not qualify
1990 - semifinals – defeated by Germany (pens)
1986 – quarters – defeated by Argentina 2-1
1982 – 2nd group stage
1978 – did not qualify
1974 – did not qualify
1970 – quarters – defeated by Germany 3-2
1966 – World Champions
2010 – 2nd round – lost Germany 4-1
2006 – quarters – defeated by Portugal (pens)
2002 – quarters – defeated by eventual champions Brazil 2-1
1998 – 2nd round – defeated by Argentina (pens)
1994 – did not qualify
1990 - semifinals – defeated by Germany (pens)
1986 – quarters – defeated by Argentina 2-1
1982 – 2nd group stage
1978 – did not qualify
1974 – did not qualify
1970 – quarters – defeated by Germany 3-2
1966 – World Champions
12 hours in Bangkok makes the strong man crumble..
Sitting in the Bangkok transit hotel watching TV after the long haul from Joburg.
A game show is on TV.
A man is wearing goggles, clad only in underpants, lying on the ground.
Popcorn is sprinkled on his body.
His challenge is to see how long he can lie on the ground while a gaggle of geese eat the popcorn from his body.
A game show is on TV.
A man is wearing goggles, clad only in underpants, lying on the ground.
Popcorn is sprinkled on his body.
His challenge is to see how long he can lie on the ground while a gaggle of geese eat the popcorn from his body.
Stadiums / Lemons
No matter how much the South African people embrace and enjoy the World Cup it’s a little hard to escape the thought that they have been sold a number of gigantic lemons.
The new stadiums are extremely impressive but post World Cup who is going to play anything at Polokwane or Rustenburg on a regular basis that requires such facilities.
In a country with such low literacy rates and high crime levels the World Cup stadium construction will be judged by history to be a poor social investment.
The new stadiums are extremely impressive but post World Cup who is going to play anything at Polokwane or Rustenburg on a regular basis that requires such facilities.
In a country with such low literacy rates and high crime levels the World Cup stadium construction will be judged by history to be a poor social investment.
African light
Photographers travel from all over the world to take shots during the African dawn or twilight hours.
Be it the colour of the land, smoke in the atmosphere or the high veldt altitude the orange tinted light produced in SA at the start and end of the day is unique.
Be it the colour of the land, smoke in the atmosphere or the high veldt altitude the orange tinted light produced in SA at the start and end of the day is unique.
Expectations
New Zealand came to the World Cup with the general public expectation being that they would do well to get a point.
They depart the tournament unbeaten with 3 points, finishing ahead of World Champions Italy in group play.
A great ride for NZ sport.
They depart the tournament unbeaten with 3 points, finishing ahead of World Champions Italy in group play.
A great ride for NZ sport.
Tuesday, 22 June 2010
Beating Paraguay
The last two times NZ have played Latin American opposition they have struggled, losing to both Mexico and Chile 2-0 in the last five months.
So, why can New Zealand beat Paraguay at the World Cup?
1. Ryan Nelsen. The http://www.goal.com/ world player of the week is in the form of his life locking down the All White central defence. New Zealand have been very tough to break down at this tournament.
2. Team belief. This All White squad has a quiet, relaxed confidence about them. The team have nothing to lose and they believe they can do it.
3. NZ will score. NZ have scored in each of their last 5 games (Australia, Serbia, Slovenia, Slovakia, Italy) when starting with their best team. Chile (0-2) was the exception however NZ played with a weaker lineup than they will against Paraguay.
4. Contracts. A number of the NZ players are chasing player contracts for the upcoming club season. This desperation will drive players to produce a winning performance for the All Whites.
5. The Far Post Ball (FPB). The perfect weapon for the tall Kiwi strikeforce against a team which has played passing opposition in its last 2 games.
Nothing motivates players and a team like being told that it cannot be done.
So, why can New Zealand beat Paraguay at the World Cup?
1. Ryan Nelsen. The http://www.goal.com/ world player of the week is in the form of his life locking down the All White central defence. New Zealand have been very tough to break down at this tournament.
2. Team belief. This All White squad has a quiet, relaxed confidence about them. The team have nothing to lose and they believe they can do it.
3. NZ will score. NZ have scored in each of their last 5 games (Australia, Serbia, Slovenia, Slovakia, Italy) when starting with their best team. Chile (0-2) was the exception however NZ played with a weaker lineup than they will against Paraguay.
4. Contracts. A number of the NZ players are chasing player contracts for the upcoming club season. This desperation will drive players to produce a winning performance for the All Whites.
5. The Far Post Ball (FPB). The perfect weapon for the tall Kiwi strikeforce against a team which has played passing opposition in its last 2 games.
Nothing motivates players and a team like being told that it cannot be done.
All White media conferences
Number of nations represented at the first press conference by the All Whites in South Africa – 1 (New Zealand).
Number of nations represented at the first press conference following the 1-1 draw with Italy – 9 (New Zealand, Israel, Denmark, Netherlands, England, Italy, South Africa, Germany and Australia).
Number of nations represented at the first press conference following the 1-1 draw with Italy – 9 (New Zealand, Israel, Denmark, Netherlands, England, Italy, South Africa, Germany and Australia).
The Time Continuum
New Zealand (Australasia) 1, World Champions 1.
What an incredible result for New Zealand.
The last 45 minutes of the game seemed to take an age, all I wanted was for time to speed up.
The 45 minutes following the game flew by. All I wanted was for time to slow down so players and Kiwi fans could enjoy one of the great results of New Zealand sport and the biggest ever result for New Zealand football.
What an incredible result for New Zealand.
The last 45 minutes of the game seemed to take an age, all I wanted was for time to speed up.
The 45 minutes following the game flew by. All I wanted was for time to slow down so players and Kiwi fans could enjoy one of the great results of New Zealand sport and the biggest ever result for New Zealand football.
Simon Elliott
A question to the All White midfielder at a press conference following the 1-1 draw with Slovakia.
Q. “So Simon, how would that result rank compared to the all the games you have played in your career?”
A. “I’m not sure. I will have to go home and check my rankings sheet.”
Q. “So Simon, how would that result rank compared to the all the games you have played in your career?”
A. “I’m not sure. I will have to go home and check my rankings sheet.”
South African urinals
South African urinals have a lot of ice cubes in them. Possible reasons:-
1. Melting ice cubes is fun
2. Smell suppression
3. Encouragement of accuracy
4. The South African ice vending industry has a government subsidy to produce more ice than is required for domestic demand
5. Takes the winter game of "Snow pee" inside to warm conditions
Only danger with the ice cubes - splash back.
1. Melting ice cubes is fun
2. Smell suppression
3. Encouragement of accuracy
4. The South African ice vending industry has a government subsidy to produce more ice than is required for domestic demand
5. Takes the winter game of "Snow pee" inside to warm conditions
Only danger with the ice cubes - splash back.
England v Algeria
An English fan was interviewed on Super Sport 3 after the woeful 0-0 draw with Algeria.
“I passed a kidney stone tonight. It hurt, it hurt. But it was easier than watching England trying to pass the ball.”
“I passed a kidney stone tonight. It hurt, it hurt. But it was easier than watching England trying to pass the ball.”
2022
US fans did their country a massive favour at Ellis Park when the States took on Slovenia.
Not only did they scream their team back from 2-0 down to draw 2-2, but attending FIFA supremo Sepp Blatter would have noticed that a true footballing culture does exist in the States.
Given not all matches in South Africa have sold out, if Yanks can travel half around the world (the US have picked up more tickets at this tournament than any other country apart from South Africa) then they can surely provide massive support for a tournament in their own country.
Watch for the US to speed up the development of its footballing fanbase by bringing in plenty of big names into the MLS from Europe over the next year or two.
When linked to the geographic position of the US – perfect for prime time evening games into Europe – the US is clear favourties for the 2022 World Cup before politicking begins.
Not only did they scream their team back from 2-0 down to draw 2-2, but attending FIFA supremo Sepp Blatter would have noticed that a true footballing culture does exist in the States.
Given not all matches in South Africa have sold out, if Yanks can travel half around the world (the US have picked up more tickets at this tournament than any other country apart from South Africa) then they can surely provide massive support for a tournament in their own country.
Watch for the US to speed up the development of its footballing fanbase by bringing in plenty of big names into the MLS from Europe over the next year or two.
When linked to the geographic position of the US – perfect for prime time evening games into Europe – the US is clear favourties for the 2022 World Cup before politicking begins.
Friday, 18 June 2010
FMCG (SA style) v.2
Further items available in the traffic intersection distribution channel...
Landscaping / Outdoor DIY
- fencing
- garden archways
Souveniers
- african carvings (Big 5 animals)
Pet Supplies
- dog kennels
Automotive accessories
- mufflers
- car tyres (single or bulk)
Landscaping / Outdoor DIY
- fencing
- garden archways
Souveniers
- african carvings (Big 5 animals)
Pet Supplies
- dog kennels
Automotive accessories
- mufflers
- car tyres (single or bulk)
Thursday, 17 June 2010
Doing the Loftus shuffle
70 minutes into Uruguay vs SA and Bafana Bafana go down 2-0.
The Loftus Versfeld shuffle begins as the crowd decides that its far too cold (around -3C) to sit around watching losing football.
The shuffle is somewhat reminicent of the Warriors in the bad old days of Super League when 28-0 down at half time the Ericsson Stadium crowd would wait for the half time show (usually featuring a large inflatable Penguin, pyrotechnics, dancers and Harleys) before quickly exiting the stadium prior to the start of the 2nd half.
I'm not so sure if this World Cup is really going to bring the people of South Africa together. Based on the comments of the Afrikaaners around me last night I'm picking their first live game of Bafana Bafana football will also be their last.
The winners last night - Uruguay, rugby union and entrenched views around what sport whites should attend. Expect increased support for England and Holland from the local white population for the remainder of group play.
The Loftus Versfeld shuffle begins as the crowd decides that its far too cold (around -3C) to sit around watching losing football.
The shuffle is somewhat reminicent of the Warriors in the bad old days of Super League when 28-0 down at half time the Ericsson Stadium crowd would wait for the half time show (usually featuring a large inflatable Penguin, pyrotechnics, dancers and Harleys) before quickly exiting the stadium prior to the start of the 2nd half.
I'm not so sure if this World Cup is really going to bring the people of South Africa together. Based on the comments of the Afrikaaners around me last night I'm picking their first live game of Bafana Bafana football will also be their last.
The winners last night - Uruguay, rugby union and entrenched views around what sport whites should attend. Expect increased support for England and Holland from the local white population for the remainder of group play.
Wednesday, 16 June 2010
Switzerland 1-0 Spain, the implications
Spain are now going to be struggling to top group H.
Should Spain come second in the group, they will then play the top team in Group G in the round of 16. That team is odds on to be Brazil in Joburg on the 29th June SA time.
One of the Big Brothers is going to be leaving the World Cup house early.
And.....you can now expect a roughie to make it all the way to the semis - take your pick out of Paraguay, Chile, the Ivory Coast or Switzerland to shake things up.
Portugal in 2006, South Korea + Turkey in 2002, Croatia in 1998, Bulgaria/Sweden in 1994...generally the semis aren't all about the big boys - 2010 doesn't look like its going to buck the trend.
Should Spain come second in the group, they will then play the top team in Group G in the round of 16. That team is odds on to be Brazil in Joburg on the 29th June SA time.
One of the Big Brothers is going to be leaving the World Cup house early.
And.....you can now expect a roughie to make it all the way to the semis - take your pick out of Paraguay, Chile, the Ivory Coast or Switzerland to shake things up.
Portugal in 2006, South Korea + Turkey in 2002, Croatia in 1998, Bulgaria/Sweden in 1994...generally the semis aren't all about the big boys - 2010 doesn't look like its going to buck the trend.
Reasons to believe why the All Whites can beat Italy
1. Goalkeeper Buffon is out. The last time NZ played Italy he was also out and NZ scored 3 times before losing 4-3.
2. NZ has a more effective defensive combination than the last time these 2 nations played.
3. Altitude. NZ played at Rustenburg on the high veldt. Italy’s opening match was at sea level against Paraguay. The ball will fly when these teams meet in Nelspruit (700m/2200ft above sea level) – look out for another NZ far post header.
4. North Korea. The last time North Korea made a World Cup was in 1966….when they were good enough to beat Italy. Italy are due another World Cup upset – it might as well be now against another supposed minnow, especially one that begins with the letter N!
5. Italy will write NZ off and NZ loves being written off.
Paying plenty at the TAB….worth a lazy $5 for the NZ win or 1-0 score pick.
Dare to dream!
2. NZ has a more effective defensive combination than the last time these 2 nations played.
3. Altitude. NZ played at Rustenburg on the high veldt. Italy’s opening match was at sea level against Paraguay. The ball will fly when these teams meet in Nelspruit (700m/2200ft above sea level) – look out for another NZ far post header.
4. North Korea. The last time North Korea made a World Cup was in 1966….when they were good enough to beat Italy. Italy are due another World Cup upset – it might as well be now against another supposed minnow, especially one that begins with the letter N!
5. Italy will write NZ off and NZ loves being written off.
Paying plenty at the TAB….worth a lazy $5 for the NZ win or 1-0 score pick.
Dare to dream!
Pretoria
In honour of being part of a police motorcade to the South Africa v Uruguay game tonight in Pretoria, a tune.
(sung to the Exponents song Victoria)
“Pretoria,
Want do you want from me?
Want from me?
Pretoria
What do you want from me?
Want from me?”
(sung to the Exponents song Victoria)
“Pretoria,
Want do you want from me?
Want from me?
Pretoria
What do you want from me?
Want from me?”
Karma
The angst of losing a game in the 94th minute vs the joy of a late minute equalizer.
What would you have taken 3 weeks ago….a draw against Australia in a friendly or a last minute equalizer against Slovakia to earn New Zealand its first point at the World Cup?
Such a tense match to watch at the ground and brilliant to win at the death. Raw emotion for the players, management and fans at the end of the game.
O for Oarsome.
What would you have taken 3 weeks ago….a draw against Australia in a friendly or a last minute equalizer against Slovakia to earn New Zealand its first point at the World Cup?
Such a tense match to watch at the ground and brilliant to win at the death. Raw emotion for the players, management and fans at the end of the game.
O for Oarsome.
Vuvuzela Blowers
Those damn annoying horns are everywhere, at the airport arrivals lounge, in bars, shopping malls, all over the place.
But is the vuzuzela the issue of is it the person blowing them?
What does it say about an individual who buys a vuzuzela but then only blows them at a game while wearing earplugs. This seems to be completely contrary to the whole idea of stadium entertainment, it says ”I’m an arsehole who is going to destroy your viewing experience but I’m going to be OK.”
Forget banning the vuzuzela, ban the vuzuzela blower.
But is the vuzuzela the issue of is it the person blowing them?
What does it say about an individual who buys a vuzuzela but then only blows them at a game while wearing earplugs. This seems to be completely contrary to the whole idea of stadium entertainment, it says ”I’m an arsehole who is going to destroy your viewing experience but I’m going to be OK.”
Forget banning the vuzuzela, ban the vuzuzela blower.
Charlie Dempsey
Charlie was the Oceania FIFA delegate who mysteriously abstained during voting to decide who would be awarded the 2006 World Cup.
His no show effectively meant that Germany became hosts of the 2006 World Cup ahead of South Africa as the Oceania vote had been determined by delegates to be for South Africa.
Charlie took a hammering from world media at the time.
Still plenty of construction underway in SA, the extra time that was given to SA to get the tournament set up now seems to have been a sensible decision.
Charlie - visionary.
His no show effectively meant that Germany became hosts of the 2006 World Cup ahead of South Africa as the Oceania vote had been determined by delegates to be for South Africa.
Charlie took a hammering from world media at the time.
Still plenty of construction underway in SA, the extra time that was given to SA to get the tournament set up now seems to have been a sensible decision.
Charlie - visionary.
Mexican Wave
If Mexico is playing and their fans decide to do a Mexican Wave should this be termed a Mexican Mexican Wave or do the two Mexicans cancel each other out like double integers?
The Mexican Mexican Wave or just The Wave?
The Mexican Mexican Wave or just The Wave?
FMCGs (SA style)
South Africa has redefined the parameters of the Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) category by extending a distribution channel to traffic intersections.
Here is a list of things that you can buy as you wait for the light to go green.
Fanware
- vuvuzelas (horns)
- flags
Household Goods
- coathangers
- laundry powder (bulk option only - 25kg box)
Vegetables
- onions
- potatatoes
Electrical appliances
- phone chargers
- Pioneer car stereos
- TV cameras (Rustenburg only)
Business cards
And (best of all)………
Retirement home packages.
Here is a list of things that you can buy as you wait for the light to go green.
Fanware
- vuvuzelas (horns)
- flags
Household Goods
- coathangers
- laundry powder (bulk option only - 25kg box)
Vegetables
- onions
- potatatoes
Electrical appliances
- phone chargers
- Pioneer car stereos
- TV cameras (Rustenburg only)
Business cards
And (best of all)………
Retirement home packages.
Monday, 14 June 2010
Ooo la la!
Day 1 at the World Cup and France miss an early chance against Uruguay. TV camera shot cues to French manager Domenech as he whirls away in frustration at the missed opportunity. “Ooo la la!” explodes the SKY commentator taking a punt on what a frustrated French national team manager might say.
On the basis of the “ooo la la” we are every chance to be bombed with national stereotypes for the rest of the month from SKY commentators whenever a team manager (outside England) shows any emotion.
Keep an ear out for a collection of “Choice bro”, “Strewth mate”, “Achtung / Schnell”, “Awesome dude”, “Mumma mia” commentator dubs whenever the respective Kiwi, Aussie, German, US or Italian managers is shown responding to onfield action.
On the basis of the “ooo la la” we are every chance to be bombed with national stereotypes for the rest of the month from SKY commentators whenever a team manager (outside England) shows any emotion.
Keep an ear out for a collection of “Choice bro”, “Strewth mate”, “Achtung / Schnell”, “Awesome dude”, “Mumma mia” commentator dubs whenever the respective Kiwi, Aussie, German, US or Italian managers is shown responding to onfield action.
The ball is made for us
Such a light ball when coupled with altitude plays right into NZ's goalscoring plans.
The ball to the far post is our trademark assist. Look for the kiwi strikers to provide plenty of headers on goal / knockdowns back across the 6 yard box at the far post tomorrow night against Slovakia.
No Slovakian media at NZ trainings.....NZ are at their best when written off.
The ball to the far post is our trademark assist. Look for the kiwi strikers to provide plenty of headers on goal / knockdowns back across the 6 yard box at the far post tomorrow night against Slovakia.
No Slovakian media at NZ trainings.....NZ are at their best when written off.
Thursday, 10 June 2010
Look to the past to see the future
Since 1962 the World Cup has alternated between South American and European champions. 1962 - Brazil, 1966 - England, 1970 - Brazil, 1974 - West Germany....all the way through to 2006 - Italy. Should that streak continue at the 13th World Cup since this trend began its hard to look past Brazil and Argentina as likely champions in South Africa.
Brazil play championship winning tournament football. They won the Confederations Cup in South Africa last year and very rarely concede goals. No country has won a World Cup outside their home continental land mass with the exception of Brazil - Sweden (1958) and South Korea / Japan (2002). Second favourite for the tournament @ $5.50 - get on board now.
The Melbourne Maori has picked Brazil to go all the way, you would be foolish to disregard his well balanced opinions.
Argentina are also worth a crack @ $8.00 to go all the way. Four experienced defenders balanced against the attacking genius of Messi, Higuain and Tevez. Sure, coach Diego Maradona is as mad as a cut snake but as a player he did inspire Argentina to their last World Cup success in 1986.
In defence of Diego's chances of not coaching Argentina to victory due to his unique personality - since when did refering to yourself in the third person, a drug habit, willingness to do crazy things in public/private and general lack of awareness of other people stop individuals from success in today's world of sport/music/entertainment/business/politics?!
Brazil and Argentina have never met in a World Cup Final. Could 2010 be the time?
Brazil play championship winning tournament football. They won the Confederations Cup in South Africa last year and very rarely concede goals. No country has won a World Cup outside their home continental land mass with the exception of Brazil - Sweden (1958) and South Korea / Japan (2002). Second favourite for the tournament @ $5.50 - get on board now.
The Melbourne Maori has picked Brazil to go all the way, you would be foolish to disregard his well balanced opinions.
Argentina are also worth a crack @ $8.00 to go all the way. Four experienced defenders balanced against the attacking genius of Messi, Higuain and Tevez. Sure, coach Diego Maradona is as mad as a cut snake but as a player he did inspire Argentina to their last World Cup success in 1986.
In defence of Diego's chances of not coaching Argentina to victory due to his unique personality - since when did refering to yourself in the third person, a drug habit, willingness to do crazy things in public/private and general lack of awareness of other people stop individuals from success in today's world of sport/music/entertainment/business/politics?!
Brazil and Argentina have never met in a World Cup Final. Could 2010 be the time?
Wednesday, 9 June 2010
It begins....
......but without Nik Jackson.
No Jackson is somewhat bittersweet.....kind of like NZ playing a solid game before conceding a 94th minute goal to Australia at the MCG and then being surrounded by a bunch of Aussies wearing friggin canary yellow jerseys pointing, laughing and gesticulating at me and my small band of All White supporters.
Today's betting tip...NZ to get more points at the World Cup than Australia ($9 at the TAB).
No Jackson is somewhat bittersweet.....kind of like NZ playing a solid game before conceding a 94th minute goal to Australia at the MCG and then being surrounded by a bunch of Aussies wearing friggin canary yellow jerseys pointing, laughing and gesticulating at me and my small band of All White supporters.
Today's betting tip...NZ to get more points at the World Cup than Australia ($9 at the TAB).
Subscribe to:
Comments (Atom)